Japanese society as vertical society b13449na Akari Nishikawa

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1 Japanese society as vertical society b13449na Akari Nishikawa
Japanese society is vertical society true or false

2 1. INTRODUCTION I wondered whether Japanese society is vertical society or not by reading essay about Japanese society which we read in this seminar.

3 “Nakane (1970) has posited that the fundamental conflicts in Japanese society occur not among the capitalists and workers, who are respectively bound together ‘horizontally’ in their own class, defined by their having a common ‘attribute’, but rather among ‘vertically’ structured groups, such as company A and company B, in each of which members relate on the basis of belonging to the same ‘frame’. Basing its information on Nakane’s book, the influential Economist even went so far as to describe Japan as being ‘the most unMarxist society’ (3 March 1973). ” R.Mouer and Y.Ugimoto, “IMAGE OF JAPANESE SOCIETY A Study in the Social Construction of Reality”

4 1. INTRODUCTION I read Nakane’s book “Japanese society” (タテ社会の人間関係).

5 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

6 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

7 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

8 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

9 2. DEFINING TERMS What is ‘vertical society’?

10 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

11 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

12 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

13 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

14 Japan is vertical society, true or false?

15 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

16 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

17 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 　　　　中流意識 3.2：General trading company 　　　　総合商社

18 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 　　　　中流意識 3.2：General trading company 　　　　総合商社

19 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

20 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

21 3.1：Middle-class consciousness
生活程度に関する自己認識の変化 賢人政治批判のパラドクス――八代尚宏『新自由主義の復権』

22 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 　　　　中流意識 3.2：General trading company 　　　　総合商社

23 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 　　　　中流意識 3.2：General trading company 　　　　総合商社

24 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

25 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

26 3.2：General trading company
共に(『タテ社会の人間関係』(中根千枝)より

27 「フォーブス グローバル 2000」における世界の商社trading company ランキング(2010)

28 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

29 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

30 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society
4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　　　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 　　　SNS (ソーシャルネットワーキングサービス) の拡大

31 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society
4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　　　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 　　　SNS (ソーシャルネットワーキングサービス) の拡大

32 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

33 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

34 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system
年齢層別年間所得の推移 第2節 職場のつながりの変化をもたらした背景

35 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society
4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　　　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 　　　SNS (ソーシャルネットワーキングサービス) の拡大

36 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society
4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　　　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 　　　SNS (ソーシャルネットワーキングサービス) の拡大

37 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

38 What is ‘vertical society’?
There are 3 essence in vertical society. Equality of ability, awareness of one’s rank 能力の平等観、序列主義 Conflict of parallel 　並列の対立 Qualification, Field 　資格よりも場の優先

39 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service)
2014年度 SNS利用動向に関する調査：表1．SNS利用動向調査

40 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

41 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

42 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

43 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

44 5-3.1：Middle-class consciousness
“朝日新聞広告局が昨年１０月、新聞読者調査の中で小さな実験を試みた。首都圏の１５－６５歳の男女７ ７７人を対象に、「中流のイメージ」を聞いた。その結果、一流有名企業のサラリーマンで、年収は７６３ 万円。家の広さは１８３平方メートル（約５５坪）の土地付き一戸建て。趣味はゴルフでテニスや釣りも、 というのが多くの人々の描く「中流」の条件とわかった。 この質問をしたうえで「あなたは自分を中流と思うか」と質問してみると、中流と答えた人は４人に１人 の２３．３％だけだった。 意識調査は質問の仕方でこんなにも結果に差が出るという例だ。しかし、どちらが正しく、どちらが間 違っているとは言えない。一方で、人々は、身近な人たちとの比較で「中程度の生活」と判断し、また一方 で、満たされないものが、いくらでもあることもわかっているからだ。” “中流意識 質問の仕方で微妙に変わる（統計うらおもて）” Asahi news paper 1985年07月01日 9p

45 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

46 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識✕false 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識✕false 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

47 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

48 5-3.2：General trading company
England used to have general trading company like japan. Ex. ジャーディンマセソン商会 ➜However, they are dismissed.

49 Difference between Japanese company and English company
：近代的な経営、学歴による優秀な人材の採用(タテ社会的 意識） England ：世襲制による非公開のファミリー経営。資本市場の構造か の変化で対処できなくなった。

50 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

51 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社〇True SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社〇True 　SNSの拡大

52 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

53 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

54 5-4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system
「個人的な意見だが、トヨタの強さは、労使双方の信頼に あると思う。従業員が経営者の信頼に応えて毎日職場を改 善する、そんな強さは海外にはない。私は定昇や終身雇用 の維持は当然だと思っている」 “定昇と終身雇用は維持　トヨタ・張社長インタビュー　【名古屋】” Asahi new paper 2003/1/29 11p

55 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

56 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 〇True 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 〇True 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

57 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

58 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

59 5-4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service)
「企業内コミュニケーションの実態」に関する調査結果

60 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

61 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大△(middle)
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大△(middle)

62 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 総合商社 SNSの拡大
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社 　SNSの拡大

63 5. ANALYSIS 中流意識✕ 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退〇 総合商社〇 SNSの拡大△
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識✕ 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退〇 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社〇 　SNSの拡大△

64 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

65 Outline 1. INTRODUCTION 2. DEFINING TERMS
2. DEFINING TERMS 3. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies to be vertical society 4. EVIDENCE For Japanese companies not to be vertical society 5. ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUSION

66 6. CONCLUSION 中流意識✕ 年功序列型賃金制度の衰退〇 総合商社〇 SNSの拡大△
3.1：Middle-class consciousness 4.1：Decrease of Seniority-based wage system 　 中流意識✕ 　年功序列型賃金制度の衰退〇 4.2：Expanse of using SNS (Social Networking Service) 3.2：General trading company 　 総合商社〇 　SNSの拡大△

67 Japan is not vertical society.
6. CONCLUSION Japan is not vertical society.

68 Thank you for listening