現在完了形 (present perfect tense)

Which sentences do you want to say? want to be told?

A あなたのことが好きです。

B あなたのことが好きでした。

Which do you want to say?

A あなたのことが好きです。 I love you. 過去 今 未来 時間の流れ

B あなたのことが好きでした。 I loved you. 今は好きじゃないの？ ？ 過去 今 未来 時間の流れ

B あなたのことが好きでした。 I have loved you. 過去 今 未来 時間の流れ

あなたのことが好きでした。 ①過去形 ②現在完了形

I loved you. I have loved you. 現在完了形(継続) have + 過去分詞 Point 過去 今 未来 過去 ①現在から過去にかけてのことを表すときに現在完了形を使う。 最終的に、「今」のことに重点が置かれている。 have (has) 現在完了形は + 過去分詞 の形で表現する。 ※hasは3人称単数のとき ②日本語では過去と現在完了の区別ははっきりしていないので注意。 　 「～た」といっても、その時々によって過去か、現在完了かは異なる。 　　そのため、訳のときには「（ずっと）～です。」としておこう。 　 英語では、過去は過去、現在完了は現在完了。

現在完了形(継続)でよく使われるforとsince I have loved you for two years. 過去 今 未来 for + 期間 ＊～間 one year one year I have loved you since 2013. 過去 今 未来 since +ある時点 ＊～以来、～から 2013 2014 2015 *文が続く時もある I have loved you since I met you for the first time.

I have We have You have You have has They have 話をするときに 出てくる人 単数 （１人、１つ） 複数 （２人以上、２つ以上） １人称 話す人 ２人称 聞く人 ３人称 その他の 人や物 I have We have You have You have He She It has They have

Let’s practice 現在完了形・継続

① live in Australia I 2 years I ( )( ) in Australia ( ) two years. past now future I 2 years one year one year I ( )( ) in Australia ( ) two years. have lived for

② live in Japan 3 years You You ( )( ) in Japan ( ) three years. have past now future You 3 years one year one year one year You ( )( ) in Japan ( ) three years. have lived for

③ play tennis I I ( )( ) tennis ( ) 2013. have played since past now future I 2013 2014 2015 I ( )( ) tennis ( ) 2013. have played since

④ play tennis Nancy Nancy ( )( ) tennis ( ) 2013. has played since past now future Nancy 2013 2014 2015 Nancy ( )( ) tennis ( ) 2013. has played since

⑤ play soccer 10 years Ken Ken ( )( ) soccer ( ) ten years. has played past now future Ken 10 years ten years Ken ( )( ) soccer ( ) ten years. has played for

⑥ play soccer They They ( )( ) soccer ( ) 2005. have played since past now future They 2005 2015 They ( )( ) soccer ( ) 2005. have played since

⑦ want the smart phone 3 months Tom Tom ( )( ) the smart phone past now future Tom 3 months one month one month one month Tom ( )( ) the smart phone ( ) three months. has wanted for

⑧ have this guitar 2 weeks I I ( )( ) this guitar ( ) two weeks. have past now future I 2 weeks one week one week I ( )( ) this guitar ( ) two weeks. have had for

⑨ know him Yuki Yuki ( )( ) him ( ) 2011. has known since past now future Yuki 2011 2015 Yuki ( )( ) him ( ) 2011. has known since

⑩ study English We We ( )( ) English ( ) 2013. have studied since past now future We 2013 2015 We ( )( ) English ( ) 2013. have studied since

① I ( have )( lived ) in Australia ( for ) two years. ② You ( have )( lived ) in Japan ( for ) three years. ③ I ( have )( played ) tennis ( since ) 2015. ④ Nancy ( has )( played ) tennis ( since ) 2015. ⑤ Ken ( has )( played ) soccer ( for )( ten )( years ). ⑥ They ( have )( played ) soccer ( since ) 2005. ⑦ Tom ( has )( wanted ) the smart phone ( for )( three )( months ). ⑧ I ( have )( had ) this guitar ( for )( two )( weeks ). ⑨ Yuki ( has )( known ) him ( since ) 2011. ⑩ We ( have )( studied ) English ( since ) 2013.

現在完了形(present perfect tense)を使って自己紹介の幅を広げよう Today’s goal: You can write your self-introduction using present perfect tense. 現在完了形(present perfect tense)を使って自己紹介の幅を広げよう