WLTC Mode Construction Prepared by Japan 17th DHC Meeting Tokyo, Japan 20th March 2013

Combined data (L ~ Ex-H) 1. ICE / NOVC-HEV / CS test for OVC-HEV Combined data (L ~ Ex-H) RCB factor@RCB(L~Ex-H) (only CO2) Combined data (L ~ H) Calculation process RCB factor@RCB(L~H) (only CO2) Ki (L ~ H for PM, H for others or Ex-H for all) Ki (L ~ H) All except PM Sample (L ~ H) Sample (PM) Required measurement items per each test LOW 589s MIDDLE 433s HIGH 455s Ex-HIGH* 323s RCB Sample (all except PM) RCB(L) Sample(L) RCB(M) Sample(M) RCB(H) Sample(H) RCB(Ex-H) Sample(Ex-H) Ki (L) Ki (M) Ki (H) Ki (H or Ex-H) (only CO2) (only CO2) (only CO2) (only CO2) RCB factor@RCB(L) RCB factor@RCB(M) RCB factor@RCB(H) RCB factor@RCB(Ex-H) Calculation process L phase data M phase data H phase data Ex-H phase data Each phase information (note : no PM data is available) Note ) Ex-HIGH phase is exempted as per CPs need Fuel consumption is derived after carbon related pollutants were compensated.

2. CD test for OVC-HEV and BEV unit unit unit unit Measurement Repeat items phase units OVC-HEV BEV Pollutants RCB AER Range L + M CO2 per unit Driving distance until first start of ICE Driving distance until reach break-off criteria L + M + H (for CPs not require Ex-H) PM per unit, Others and RCB per phase and each phase consumed battery energy Consider to apply shorten test procedure for BEV range in later stage. L + M + H + Ex-H (for CPs require Ex-H) Calculate each phase values during CD (pollutants, CO2, FC, EAER, Rcda and so on

3. Ki Determination ・ Enormal･LOW(g/km) DLoad (km) Test without regeneration each of L ~ H - Loading cycle Test with regeneration Start of regeneration LOW 589s MIDDLE 433s HIGH 455s LOW 589s MIDDLE 433s HIGH 455s LOW 589s MIDDLE 433s HIGH 455s 1 2 ・ n Sample#1 Sample#2 Sample#3 LOW 589s MIDDLE 433s HIGH 455s PM sampling Under regeneration ・ Enormal･LOW(g/km) DLoad (km) (including test distance) End of regeneration LOW 589s MIDDLE 433s HIGH 455s <Example of additive Ki factor for Low phase> Sample#1 Sample#2 Sample#3 PM sampling Ki = ExHのKiはフェーズHのKiを使ってもよい。もちろん、ExHのKiを計測することも認められる。 L～HのKiを求める方法は次のとおり。 まず、再生に入らない状態のエミッションを計測する。これは通常と同じ方法。 その後、再生が発生する直前まで走行し、各フェーズの走行距離を得ておく。 再生に入る最初のサイクルから再生が終了するサイクルまでの間、フェーズ毎にエミッションを足し合わせる。 その結果を受けて、例えば、フェーズLのKiについては、この表の式のように計算できる。フェーズMとHについても同様。 ( Enormal･LOW * DLoad + Eregen･LOW * Dregen ) Eregen･LOW(g/km) = ∑ Mregen･LOW (k) / DLOW *n Dregen (km) - Enormal･LOW*(DLoad+ Dregen) n k=1 Ex-H phase Ki : allow to use H (L~H for PM) phase Ki As an option, allow to conduct Ex-H Ki determination 4

4. RCB Compensation Factor for CO2 RCB factor for each phase and whole test phases preconditioning Phase Compensation Factor Whole phases (L ~ Ex-H) measured Each phase (L or M or H or Ex-H) Apply whole phases factor (justification : ISO/TR 11955, also refer next page) Specific combined phases (L ~ H, or others ) LOW 589s MIDDLE 433s HIGH 455s Ex-HIGH 323s Set SOC at several level Overnight soak sampling LOW 589s MIDDLE 433s HIGH 455s Ex-HIGH 323s Sample CO2 and RCB CO2 これは、電気自動車やプラグインハイブリッド車について、初期充電量の影響を評価するための方法。 SOCをいくつかのレベルで設定して、それを各フェーズで走行してエミッションや燃費をとる。 本件、技術的に高度な内容になるので、DHCで専門家から説明させたい。 DHCより前に説明が必要なら、専門家を派遣することも考える。 SOC = State of Charge RESS = Rechargeable energy storage system Charge Balance Obtain RCB compensation factor for whole phases RCB (Ah/km) 5

4-1. RCB Compensation Factor (Validation2) Horizontal unit Ah  Ah/km