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What did you do, mate? Plain-Past

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Presentation on theme: "What did you do, mate? Plain-Past"— Presentation transcript:

1 What did you do, mate? Plain-Past
VTA 01 た form What did you do, mate? Plain-Past

2 Index What is た form? How to make た form?
 How is た form useful?  た form structure list How to make た form? Questions

3 What is た form? テレビ、みた? Did you watch the TV ?
When you watch Japanese anime or hear young Japanese native speakers talk to their friends, you often hear something like: テレビ、みた? Did you watch the TV ? うん、みた。 Yep, I watched it. しゅくだい、した? Did you do homework? した、した。 I did it, did it. These are talking about what they did (past), yet you don’t see ・・・ました as you may expect (e.g. みました for “watched”). This is because the conversations are done in an informal context (plain), where statements tend to be shorter. This happens to verbs in past tense, too. This is called たform. So, in short, verb たform is used for “Plain-Past”.

4 What is た form? did しました した watched みました みた wrote かきました かいた listened
So why are “Plain-Past” form of verbs called たform? How shorter たform verbs become compared to ました verbs? meaning ました form たform did しました した watched みました みた wrote かきました かいた listened ききました きいた went いきました いった Obviously it’s called たform because it ends with た (just like てform). Also, たform verbs which are for plain/informal/casual are shorter than ました form verbs, which have some polite/formal nuance.

5 How is た form useful? You can “attach” different word/s toたform verb and make use of it. For example, たform + ことがあります = “have done it (have experience of doing it)”. 日本に いったことがあります。 I have been to Japan. You can also do this. たform + り = “do such things as …” べんきょうしたり、CDをきいたりします。 I do such things as studying and listening to music. In the next slide, there is a list of “structures” that follow/are attached to たform, giving different functions to verbs.

6 た form structure list たform + function meaning ・・・ことがあります。 experience
have done・・・ ・・・り、・・・りします。 listing do such things as・・・ ・・・ほうがいいです。 suggesting had better・・・ ・・・ら? why don’t you・・・?

7 Questions Plain-Past form して きいた みました おいしかった
You heard people converse with sentences ending in たform (e.g. みた、した、きいた) instead of ました form. What two things can you tell about the conversation? 1. its context is informal/ casual/ plain (those people are friends/ family) 2. talking about what happened in the past Because of its function, たform is also called what form? Plain-Past form verbs get shorter (good for informal contexts) What’s good using たform? Which one is verb in たform? : して  きいた  みました  おいしかった して  きいた  みました  おいしかった てform   たform   ましたform    adjective-past   In what writing text types would たform be used often? diary, news paper article, /letter to friends, etc

8 How do you make た form? て ⇒ た で ⇒ だ
It’s super simple once you have learnt how to make てform. verb て form たform します do して した みます see みて みた ききます listen きいて きいた よみます read よんで よんだ のみます drink のんで のんだ So it’s just a matter of changing て to た, or で to だ. て ⇒ た で ⇒ だ See “VTE01 TE form” for how to make てform.

9 Questions What is its た form?
します した かいます かった みます みた たちます たった きます きた のります のった のみます のんだ たべます たべた ききます きいた わすれます わすれた かきます かいた あけます あけた はなします はなした いきますgo いった


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