Academic Presentation 1st lecture

Academic Presentation 1st lecture
Undergraduate/ Graduate Engineering-Wide Lecture　 , Academic Presentation 1st lecture Wednesdays 5th period 16:40-18:20 Eng. 8th bldg. Room 83 Kumiko Morimura, Ph. D. Global Ware Project, ( Global Center for Innovation in Engineering Education, The University of Tokyo Academic Presentation 1

Academic Presentation 1
Course Information B 6/ Presenting in English (Lecture) 6/ Presentation Practice (Group) 6/ Presentation Practice (Group) 6/ Presentation Practice (Group) 7/ Improved Presentation Practice (Group) 7/ Improved Presentation Practice (Group) 7/ Improved Presentation Practice (Group) 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Today’s program: Recap of previous lecture (Presentation) Explanation Slide design Structure and content Handouts Virtual coffee break exercise Explanation of Academic Presentation Practice Discussion Various presentation preferences 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Preparing for a presentation Presentation basics Delivery
Recap Preparing for a presentation Presentation basics Delivery

Recap: Good preparation is key
Murphy’s Law: “Anything than can go wrong, will go wrong” 失敗する余地があるなら、失敗する Internet connection に頼り過ぎない Websitesを見せるとき誰かとliveでつなぐとき software demonstrationにも注意 videos? このコンピュータで動くか? コンピュータがフリーズしたら? 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Recap: Thinking about Your Audience
Imagine a circle that contains all of human knowledge By the time you finish elementary school, you know a little By the time you finish high school, you know a bit more With a bachelor's degree, you gain a specialty A master's degree deepens that specialty Reading research papers takes you to the edge of human knowledge Once you're at the boundary, you focus Your Ph.D. Adapted from: “The illustrated guide to a Ph.D.” Matt Might (matt.might.net) 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Recap: Preparing for a Presentation
Who Who are you presenting to? What are their backgrounds (interests, knowledge of the subject) Why Why do you present to them? What Based on the above, decide what you are going to present. Know it in detail, but don’t try to present everything from your paper. When Know the schedule before, during, and after your presentation Where Know where the room is and what kind of room it is Be prepared, be friendly, be professional 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Your presentation has started before you say even a word
When you approach the podium: Be confident Maintain a good posture Make eye contact with the audience Pause appropriately before beginning to speak Do not rush, give the audience some time to adjust and focus their attention 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Recap: Eye Contact Screen point look PC Listen Talk presenter listener look 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1 Academic Presentation 1

Slide Design

Use of Visuals People remember: 10 % of what they read; 20 % of what they hear; 30 % of what they see; 50 % of what they see and hear; 70 % of what they say; and 90 % of what they do and say Metcalf, T. (1997) Listening to your clients, Life Association News, 92(7) p 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

General design tips 4-5 keywords to explain each point (no full sentences on slides) One topic/idea per slide Sufficient contrast Large enough fonts 1-2min per slide TEST TEST TEST TEST Test Test Test 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Images Images + text = strong message Careful with background images (full bleed might work well instead) Asymmetry attracts attention 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Injuries due to falling coconuts
Based on a paper by Dr. Peter Barss, published in The Journal of Trauma, 1984 Nov;24(11):990-1. Presented by Adi Andreeva The University of Tokyo Image from

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOURISM RESEARCH Int. J. Tourism Res. 6, 251–261 (2004) Published online in Wiley InterScience ( DOI: /jtr.486 ,Cruise Ship Passenger Spending Patterns in Pacific Island Ports Ngaire Douglas1,* and Norman Douglas2 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

53 million people cruising in the past decade 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Graphs Simplify your data whenever possible Give examples to explain complicated graphs Include a title, axis labels, a legend if necessary Indicate units clearly Put a self-explanatory title Check that all elements are readable Explain clearly EVERYTHING you show Be careful with black-and-white handouts 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

社会基盤 7 都市工学 5 建築機械工学 16 航空宇宙工学 3 精密工学 2 電気系工学 6 電子工学 1 物理工学応用物理学計数工学ｼｽﾃﾑ創成 10 ﾏﾃﾘｱﾙ工学 8 化学応用化学化学ｼｽﾃﾑ工学化学生命工学ﾊﾞｲｵｴﾝｼﾞﾆｱﾘﾝｸﾞ技術経営戦略学情報理工知能機械情報学先端生命科学先端エネルギー工学薬学現代経済生物材料法学 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Chart Flow chart 2014/05/14 Academic Writing 6
Fig A pie chart looks like a pie. The pie chart has 3 "sectors" ("slices" or "shares"). The purple sector makes up 50% of the total. Flow chart 2014/05/14 Academic Writing 6

Graph positions As the top-left figure shows, … As you can see in the bottom-right graph, … If we compare the upper and the lower graph, we can see that, … Compared to the left graph, the right one is … Let’s have a closer look at … / Let’s zoom in on the point t=15 / If I enlarge this area we can see … This diagram/flowchart explains how… If we overlay/impose these experimental data on the theoretical/analytical/simulation result, … 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Describing graphs As you can see in this graph Please (take a) look at this graph This graph shows/illustrates … On the x-axis/horizontal axis we show the time in seconds from the start of the experiment The y-axis/vertical axis represents the number of … Note that the scale (of the X-axis) is logarithmic The solid/dashed/dotted/thick/thin line shows The blue/red/green line represents Each ・ dot + plus-mark ◊ diamond ✱ asterisk (■filled ☐open) square ○● circle represents a sample 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Structure & Content

Common Mistakes by Japanese Students
詳細から述べる　Starting from details 時間の流れに沿って話す　Following time order 論文の順に話すFollow the order of the paper 起承転結 ("twist", "turn", or "volta")で話す (Introducing a revolutionary new idea/concept near the end) beginning conclusion 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1 起承転結

Presentation structure
聴衆の注意を引き続ける大きな成果を先に述べる全体の流れを述べる"Big picture" (outline), 詳細についてディスカッション、議論する最後にもう一度メインポイントを述べる結論を先に述べるのを恐れない Q&Aでも、手短に答えてから詳しい理由を述べる Introduction: Body: Conclusion=2：6：2 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

それでは部分ごとに 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

To start with Thank you Mr. Chairman. It’s my great honor to be allowed to deliver a talk to you. Can you hear me? Could you turn off the light, please? May I have the lights on, please? I would like to use a pointer, if one is available. I actually prefer laser pointers. 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Outline The purpose of this presentation is …… Today, the topic of my presentation is …… Tell a story of your presentation 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Introduction 何をこれから話そうとしているか Purpose　目的 Background　背景なぜこのトピックを選んだか? どこまでカバーされているか? - どういう方向へ向かっているのか? 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Introduction I will divide my discussion into three parts. First,… Second,… Finally,…. Let me begin my talk by giving you an explanation on ….. To start with, I will provide background information on …… Next, I will demonstrate… After that, I will take a look at …. 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Body Purpose, method, result, and discussion of the experiment. -　実験から何がわかったか? -　その発見は実際に何に適用できるのか? まだできなかったことは言っておく. 自分でも気が付いていることをわからせる. 隠そうとすると暴かれる. 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Body So far, we have reviewed …… Let us now turn to …… Let’s move on to the next point. This leads us to another question of …… Transition words（つなぎのことば）を入れて前のことを要約しつつ次へ進んでいく 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Conclusion ここまでに分かったこと、言えること. Key messageを繰り返す. 途中を省略しても“Conclusion”にはたどり着く “conclusion”で新しいことを持ち出さない． Closingの言葉を考えておく． 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Conclusion In conclusion, the following points were made. Number one,…., number two,…. In closing, I’d like to mention that ….. To close this talk, I’d like to comment that … 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Q & A (質疑応答) 自分がコントロールする・予想される事態に対処できるよう準備 10-20の質問と回答を準備しておく・Does anyone have questions for me? 一緒に手を挙げる　一歩前に出る　The presentation is now open for discussion. 　Any comments or questions? ・質問者と会場をコントロール　(60-40) 　×うろたえる、対決する、ごまかす、感情的になる 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Repeat the question His/her question is that…. She/He asked me whether …… I haven’t considered that point yet. Thank you. I didn’t quite get your question. I’m glad you asked me this question. It’s a very good question. 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Q & A If you don’t understand what the questioner says, Sorry, could you please slow down a little? Could you kindly rephrase it, please? Mr. Chairman, could you help me, please?  Chairman thinks this speaker seems to… 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

If you still cannot answer Q
チェアマンに助けを求めるあとでロビーでゆっくりと話すと分かることがある図や表や写真などを見せると分かってもらえることもある通訳を介して話すメールアドレスを聞いてあとで返答する I’m sorry, it is difficult for me to understand your question. Could we discuss it after the session is over? 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Balance between slides and script
スライド1枚で１、2分を目安に作成パラフレーズする主語を入れる書かれていない部分の補足理由を述べるつなぎことば(transition words)を上手く使う 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Transition words つなぎ目は次に進む前に、前の部分をまとめるチャンス前のポイントを聞いている人たちが消化できる余裕を与える疑問からスタートしひとつの質問に答えることが次の疑問へ、その答えがまた次の疑問を生むつながりがいいとよく準備された感じがする何度も見直し口に出すアウトラインを検討する 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Advanced Academic Writing 4
transitions In short, Thus, In conclusion, In summary, Therefore, To conclude, To summarize, Furthermore, In addition, Moreover, In fact, That is, As a matter of fact, For instance, To illustrate, such as, In contrast, however, On the other hand, Because, since, For this reason, therefore, as a result, consequently, First, Second, First of all, Last, after, After that, Before, Next Advanced Academic Writing 4

Advanced Academic Writing 4
Similarly, Also, Likewise, both…and, alike, the same as, although, while, differ from, though, whereas, Instead of, except, in spite of, even though, yet, otherwise, unless, still, while, generally, in general, as a general rule, obviously, naturally, certainly, unquestionably, admittedly, of course, even now, surely, Advanced Academic Writing 4

How to close 終わりの言葉は考えておくこれまでの本論・結論をかるくまとめ、　　　キーフレーズをはさんだ印象的なことを言って終わる　→心に残る　Take home message That’s allと言わない. Thank youでよい 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Should I remember the script?
Read Outline in details Outline with keywords Rough outline Keyword Recite Ask native speakers to check your speech 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Read it loud If you read it only to yourself, 頭の中では分かっていても言葉に出すのが難しい概念に気づかない説明に使う具体的な言葉を用意しておく具体例を入れる準備をする入れ替えたほうがよい順番が見つかるつなぎ目の必要性がよく分かる 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

To avoid failure Don’t put too much information 　　あまりにもたくさんの内容　　　あまりにも専門的な内容　　　▷あなたが知っていることを聴衆が必ずしも知っているとは限らない　　　▷知っていることからはじめて徐々に専門的に　　　▷用語やコンセプトはそのつど説明する 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Technique by IEEE Use eye contact Develop a positive attitude and relaxed style. Don’t read your paper. Don’t memorize your paper. Be enthusiastic about the topic. Don’t hide behind a tangled web of technical terms. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers David F. Beer, Writing and Speaking in the Technology Professions, IEEE Press, 1992 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Rehearsal １）Slide and script check 　内容、話し方、言い回し、論理は通っているか、　最も言いたいことは何か２）visual check 　映り具合　色は画面とスクリーンで異なる　文字と背景のバランス　フォントの大きさ　会場にマッチしているか３）lighting check 　画面がよく見えるか、自分が見えるか 2014/06/04 Academic Presentation 1

Tip: Index Cards Make one card per slide Write keywords, difficult vocab May add a thumbnail of the slide Check the transition to the next slide Add extra cards for main transitions Add or remove easily You can rearrange the order Hold them in your hand when you present 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

What if I forgot what I want to say?
What if I forgot what I want to say? Good Use Index cards Look at PC screen Look at handout Look at Projection screen Look at the ceiling and try to think Bad 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1 Academic Presentation 1

Virtual “coffee” break
クラス番号教室インストラクター Get together with your group Decide who will pick up the e-bag at 91C next week If you can’t present on your assigned date, switch with someone (notify us!). Sign your attendance While waiting, talk with someone you DON’T know.

PODIUM Class 1 Class2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Class 7 Class 8 Decide who will pick up the bag at 91C next week Switch with someone if you can’t present on your assigned date (notify us!) Sign your attendance 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Academic Presentation Explanation

8号館見取り図 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Engineering Building #2 2号館見取り図 9F Class 7 ＴＶ会議室　（９２Ｄ１） 2F To Eng. Bldg. 8 Class 6 ９１Ｂ１号室 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Presentation practice in groups
TODAY First round: 6/11, 6/18, 6/25 Second round: 7/02, 7/16, 7/23  x 8 class rooms 5 undergrad 3 graduate 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Flow of the class 6回のプレゼンに必ず出席すること（自分の発表でなくても）出席できない場合は mail to 発表者はプレゼンテーション（PPT)を準備しhandoutsをメンバー＋2人分印刷して持ってくる PDF fileをインストラクターに発表前の金曜日までに送る ( アドレスはシラバスに記載、グループごとに異なる) E-bagを2号館91Cから取ってくる (caution:slow elevator) 一日に3-4 presenters　(10min +10min Q&A). 毎回2 comments and 2 questionsを行うのは必須 E-bagをofficeに返却する(assigned person) 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

E-bag cables PC Bell Timer Projector 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Syllabus Check this handout! 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Presentation topic Master & Doctor students: research topicについて発表する Bachelor students: まだ実験テーマがない人は論文を選んで発表する 2 順目の発表 (July): おなじトピックについて発表するインストラクターやグループメンバーのフィードバックやコメント、Q&Aや反省を元に改善したもの Know your audience:  General engineers, not specialists! 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Evaluation プレゼンの評価には、このフォームが用いられる（内容を知っておくこと）一回目と2回目の評価の差も大きく考慮する See separate handout 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Handouts 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

MS PowerPoint features
There are many ways to make a handout from slides Print menu Save & Send menu 発行 Microsoft Word で配布資料を作成 Use the “Scale to fit paper” option! 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

My 1st “handout” (I don’t hand them out, but use them for myself!)
2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

My 2nd “handout” (I don’t hand them out, but use them for myself!)
Cockpit view  control column. what? Landing: Difficult Accidents Training Illusions video GENERAL LANDING Glide: Straight Flare: Pitch↑ Human Machine Interface model Focus: Decision Making (Flare) FLARE INIT FLARE Other Hypo: Fix alt. (no data) TTC (not visual cue) Cues Consi-dered My Original Video Sideline Angle! VISUAL CUES My formula 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Know your tools, use them wisely
Know your tools, use them wisely Press F5 in presentation mode for shortcuts “Presenter’s tool” (発表者ツール)(slide show) Don’t read your script from here Do check time & slides Do select appropriate slides in Q&A from here Next slide Audience’ view Your view 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1 Academic Presentation 1

(How) should we use a “Progress Bar”?
Introduction (How) should we use a “Progress Bar”? 68 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

The Closing Slide Two main styles: “Conclusions” slide “Thank you”, “Q&A” slide If you leave your “Conclusions” slide, the audience can refer to it during the Q&A. If you choose a “Thank you” slide, why not put your contact details, too? Either way, always SAY “Thank you”! Conclusion ….. Future plan Thank you! Your name & address 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Pointing Image from: Image from: Laser pointer Hold the pointer steady Do NOT point at the audience with the pointer Do NOT underline text with the pointer Do NOT use it too much Should we use laser pointers? 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Check your class Let us know: 発表の順番を代わってもらったときはインストラクターとこちらのオフィスにも連絡すること（空き時間ができてしまうとみんなに迷惑をかける） E-bagを誰が91Cに取りに来るのか? （エレベーターは時間がかかります） 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Useful links "How to give a good research talk“ by Simon Peyton Jones, John Launchbury, John Hughes, SIGPLAN Notices 28(11), Nov 1993. “A short guide to the oral presentation in English” by Martha Grand. Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs Electriciens de Grenoble (ENSIEG) “Presentation Phrasebook” by Patrick McMahon. EnglishforUniversity.Com “Successful Oral and Poster Presentations” by J.W. Niemantsverdriet. European Federation of Catalysis Societies (EFCATS) 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Discussion Should we use presenter’s tool? Should we use pointers or hands? What kind of handouts should we prepare? Does the presentation day match your schedule? If not, ask somebody to change the dates. Who is going to pick up the bag? 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Useful Expressions 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Thanking the chairman Thank you Mr. Chairman Thank you for your kind introduction Mr. Chairman (or: Professor/Doctor/Mister/Miss X) If you are an invited speaker/special guest: I would like to thank the organizing/program committee for inviting me to this/your conference Thank you very much for inviting me 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Greeting the audience Good morning/afternoon (ladies and) gentlemen (note: at some engineering conferences there are no ladies in your audience!) Good morning everybody. Thank you for coming to my talk today. If you are an invited speaker/special guest: Distinguished guests, Dear colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen, … It is my great honor to (be allowed to) deliver a talk to you (today). Ladies and gentleman. It’s an honor to have the opportunity to address such a distinguished audience. Do NOT introduce yourself again if the chairman did it already. Do introduce yourself briefly otherwise. My name is X from The University of Y. 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Presenting your title slide
Acknowledge important contributors I did the research I present today in collaboration with my colleagues from <other company/university> who are also present in the audience here today/who could not join us here today. I give this presentation on behalf of X, who, unfortunately, could not make it here today. (If you did not participate in the research) Do NOT read the title of your presentation; rephrase it Today I will talk about … What I’m going to present today is … In this presentation I will show you that/why/how/… Before I start my talk, let me ask you: <question> 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Presenting your outline (if any)
I will divide my talk into three parts / My talk today consists of three parts: First,… Second,… Finally,…. Let me begin my talk by giving you an explanation on … To start with, I will provide background information on … Next, I will demonstrate … Then I will give you/provide the details of … Once we have discussed … , I will show you … After that, I will take a look at … Then I will move on to … Finally, I will wrap up/summarize this presentation and answer any questions you might have 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Presenting your introduction
A common problem with … is that … It has often be in the news recently that … Recent studies have shown that … …but it is still unclear how/why/… As you are all aware, … / As you all know, … … This is important because … So, why is this important? Well, (let me tell you) … To solve this problem, we use/propose/investigate/… Currently (the process is as follows) … With the method we propose … We therefore decided to focus on the second issue for now. The two main points of my presentation will therefore be … 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Body (referring) As I mentioned before, … As I explained earlier, … This relates to (the point about) … which I noted in the previous slide. This connects to my previous argument/statement that <your statement> I will touch upon that point in a moment I will explain that in more detail shortly I will expand on that in the next slide I will come back to that later 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Body (rectifying) Therefore, A, I mean, B is more effective Therefore, A, or rather, B is more effective Therefore, A, excuse me, B is more effective Therefore, A, (I’m) sorry, B is more effective If there is a mistake on your slide: Excuse me/(I’m) sorry, that (A) should be B That should be B instead of/rather than A. Oh, that should be B. I’m sorry for the mistake. Do NOT correct your English/grammar mistakes if they don’t change the meaning of what you say 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Body (transitions) So far, we have reviewed/looked at … Getting back to the problem of … Now, let’s move on to the next point. This leads us to another question of … Having explained/discussed…, next, let’s have a look at… Using this method/algorithm we can now solve/calculate/estimate… As you have seen …, but how about …? So I have explained the theory, but does it work in practice? So, let me show you an example now. To solve this problem, we need a method which is …. Let me show what we came up with. 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Conclusion Finally, I would like to summarize my presentation Finally, let me summarize/wrap up my presentation I showed you …, …, and …, so I conclude that … In conclusion, I made the following points: first, …, second, …, and third/finally, …. The results I showed you support/reject my original hypothesis that <your hypothesis> … In closing, I’d like to stress/emphasize that … As you can see, there are some good reasons to... I'd like to leave you with the following conclusion: … 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Opening the Q&A session
And with that I have reached the end of my presentation. OK. That bring us to the end of my presentation. Thank you very much for your (kind) attention. Thank you very much (for listening). DON’T say “that’s all” I’d be glad to take/answer any questions now. I'd be glad to try and answer any questions. I believe we have a bit more time for questions and comments now, so please feel free to ask me. The floor is open for discussion. Any comments or questions? Now I am ready to answer your questions, if any. I would like to open the floor for discussion now, so can I have the first question or comment please? (Are there) any questions or comments? 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Confirming the Question
His/her question is … He/she asked me whether … If I understand correctly, his/her/your/the question is … So you ask whether … is that correct? Do you mean to ask … ? May I assume that was a comment rather than a question? 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

If you can’t understand what the questioner says,
I’m sorry, could you repeat your question please? (asker will say the same again) I’m afraid I don’t understand your question, could you rephrase it, please? (asker will use different words to say the same) Sorry, could you please slow down a little? (if you cannot catch it because (s)he speaks too fast) Mr. Chairman, could you help me, please? I’m sorry, it is difficult for me to understand your question. Could we discuss it after the session is over? 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Answering the Question
That’s a (very) good/important/interesting question Thank you for bringing up that point Well, I’m glad that you ask (show additional slide you prepared) I’m sorry that I could not make that point clear, but actually … In our research we assume that … so I think you will agree with me that in that case …. Yes, we also believe this is an important point and we are planning to take this into account in our future works. I am not sure, I can look it up for you and get back to you later. I haven’t considered that point yet. Thank you. Thank you for your suggestion. … does that answer your question? Are there any other questions (or comments)? 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Final advice There are many ways to give a good presentation Look critically at your colleagues (and at yourself) and learn from them Choose a style which suits you And… 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Practice Practice Practice 2014/6/4 Academic Presentation 1

Academic Presentation 1st lecture

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