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Matthew McMullen Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture

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1 Matthew McMullen Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture
Introduction to the Study of Buddhism 仏教学概論 宗教史ii q c58–001 (hc–phi–2092) Matthew McMullen Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture マシュー・マクマレン 南山宗教文化研究所

2 Buddhacarita 仏所行讃 Verses on the Acts of the Buddha
What is it? Who wrote it? What was its purpose?

3 What is the Buddhacarita?
Types of Buddhist texts Sūtra 経 如是我聞 Vinaya 律 僧・僧尼の法律 Abhidharma 論 仏教の哲学 Jatakas 本生、avadāna 譬喩 前世伝説 Versions of the Buddhacarita Sanskrit 14 chapters of poetry Chinese translation 28 chapters 甘蔗之苗裔 釋迦無勝王 5th century Tibetan translation 28 chapters of poetry 13th century

4 Sanskrit text of Chapter 1: Birth

5 Who wrote it? Aśvaghoṣa 馬鳴 1st,2nd, or 3rd century Brahman family
Indian poet and early Buddhist philosopher wrote plays about the Buddha’s disciples Called a bodhisattva in China and Japan

6 Why did Aśvaghoṣa write the Buddhacarita?
To spread the Buddhist teachings ブッダの教えを広げるため To convert Indian intellectuals to Buddhism 芸術家と知識家のイ ンド人が仏教に改心させるため To provide a complete story of the Buddha’s life ブッダの生涯を全 体的に説明するため

7 Chapter 1: Birth

8 Section 1: Key Terms 釈迦無勝王 淨飯 群生=衆生 天帝釈=帝釈天=Śakra=Indra 舎指=Śacī
Śākya Gautama Siddhartha 淨飯 Śuddhodana 群生=衆生 Sentient beings 六道 地獄 畜生 餓鬼 人間 阿修羅 天帝釈=帝釈天=Śakra=Indra 舎指=Śacī 摩耶=Māyā 彼の象=その像=白象入胎の伝説 藍毘尼勝園=Lumbinī 内外の眷属 四月八日 五月上旬 齋戒 清める儀式か修行 菩薩 bodhisattva=覚めた衆生 優留王、畀偸王、曼陀王、伽叉王 無量劫 劫=1 kalpa=336,000,000年間 真金身

9 Section 2: Key Terms 安平趾 七星=北斗七星 四方 後辺の生 一切を渡す 灌頂 過去仏 如来 三十二相
生まれ変わりの終了 一切を渡す 輪廻=samasara 灌頂 過去仏 七仏 如来

10 Buddhist Cosmology 宇宙の三界
四天王 浄居天=第二色界 須弥宝山 九三八海 四州 贍部洲=閻浮提 魔羅天


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