J-PARCにおける(K-,K+)反応による Hダイバリオンの探索(I) 原子力機構 佐甲博之 今井憲一、佐藤進、長谷川勝一、S J-PARCにおける(K-,K+)反応による Hダイバリオンの探索(I) 原子力機構 佐甲博之 今井憲一、佐藤進、長谷川勝一、S. Hwang、杉村仁志、 市川裕大、J. K. Ahn、 A. Ni、谷田聖、木内隆太 他 J-PARC E42 collaboration 日本物理学会、広島大学 2013/3/27 概要 Hダイバリオン J-PARC E42実験 R&D 状況 まとめ (シミュレーション→S. Hwangの発表)
H-dibaryon カラー 、SU(3)f シングレット の安定な6クォーク状態 (uuddss) (R. Jaffe[1]) 長年探索が行われてきたが、発見には至っていない K-+A, p+p, A+A, p+A at BNL-AGS, KEK-PS, Fermilab, CERN-SPS,... ダブルΛ ハイパー核 LL6He[2] の発見によりHダイバリオンの存在はほぼ否定されたように思われた - 束縛エネルギーは7 MeV以下 [1] R. L. Jaffe, PRL 38 195 (1977); PRL 38 617 (1977) [2] H. Takahashi et al., PRL 87 (2001) 212502
H-dibaryonのヒント? LL不変質量分布の 閾値付近での増大 KEK-PS E224 KEK-PS E522 3mb/sr [6] [5] 3mb/sr (enhancement) 90LL events
H-dibaryonの復活? 最新のLattice QCD 計算 LQCD 計算では、H ダイバリオンは弱い束縛状態、あるいはわずかに非束縛状態 HALQCD nf=3 NPLQCD(nf=2+1) mK=0.553GeV BH=7.4±2.1±5.8MeV BH=-13±14MeV HAL Collab., PRL 106 (2011) / NP LQCD Collab. PRL 106 (2011); Mod. Phys. Lett. A26 (2011) 2587. Shanahan, Thomas, Young, PRL 107 (2011)
H-dibaryon 探索結果のまとめ E224 enhancement Aerts et al (3He)[3] Upper Limits Allowed region Excluded by LL6He [2] Lattice QCD MLL-BLL (2224) LNp (2194) LL (2231) XN (2260) [3]PRD28 (1983) 450 [4]K. Yamamoto et al (E885), PLB478 (2000) 401
J-PARC E42設計 K+ Spectrometer(Kurama) 12C(K-,K+)X at 1.6 GeV/c Proposal approved (1st stage) in Jul 2012 12C(K-,K+)X at 1.6 GeV/c 高統計,高質量分解能 H→2L→p-pp-p H→Lp-p→p-pp-p K+ HypTPC 超伝導 Helmholtz磁石 ダイヤモンド 標的 K- beam 106/pulse K+ Spectrometer(Kurama)
HypTPC ガスベッセル 大アクセプタンス ~50%(H崩壊事象) 標的を内部に設置 p/K/p 識別 dE/dx と p ~50%(H崩壊事象) 標的を内部に設置 p/K/p 識別 dE/dx と p →Hwangの発表 高レートK-ビーム(106Hz) 陽イオンフィードバックを抑制し 電場歪みを抑える Gating Gridワイヤ GEM(電子増幅) 3段GEM (50+50+100mm) ゲイン ~104 フィールドケージ(有感領域) 30φ 500φ P-10 gas 標的ホルダー E=180V/cm ~550 荷電粒子 電離 K- ビーム e- p- B=1T 電子ドリフト方向 標的 読み出しパッド
読み出しパッド 内側リング 2.1~2.7x9mm2 10列 外側リング 2.3~2.4x12.5mm2 22列 総パッド数 5768 総パッド数 5768 位置分解能(水平方向、磁場1T) < 300mm 520 215.39 Target position 150
ΛΛ質量分布(シミュレーション) 1.0 μb/sr (ГH=0) 質量分解能~1.6MeV/c2 @ M=2.26 GeV/c2 (XN 閾値) 1.0 μb/srの生成断面積 33日の実験期間 15-mm 厚 12C 標的 11000 LL 事象 1440 H-dibaryons 1.0 μb/sr (ГH=0) → Hwangの発表 Y. Nara et al, NPA 614 (1997) 433 A. Ohnishi et al, NPA 670 (2000) 297c; Few-body Syst. Suppl. 12 (2000) 367; NPA 684(2001) 595; NPA 691(2001) 242c. J.K. Ahn PAC meeting, Jul. 2012
R&Dの状況と予定 Milestones Schedule 2011.01 TPC 1号試験機ビーム試験(ELPH 東北大) 基本性能確認 基本性能確認 2011.11 TPC 1号試験機ビーム試験(RCNP) 高レート性能 2013.01 TPC 2号機(実機サイズ) 製作開始 Schedule 2013.04 TPC1号試験機と電場試験用TPC(プサン大) 磁場中でのレーザ試験 2014.03 TPC 2号機と 読出回路(GET) 完成、試験開始 2015.03 完成
高レートビーム試験(RCNP) TPC DC SciFi SSD TPC 1号試作機(10cmx10cmx25cm) 400 MeVの陽子ビーム ビームレート最大106 Hz /cm2 3m TPC SSD Proton beam DC SciFi ヒット位置の歪み<0.1mm 検出効率とビームレート 位置分解能(B=0) sx=0.40mm (4mm pad) Efficiciency>95% (rate<106Hz/cm2 P10)
まとめ 最新のラティスQCD計算では、H-dibaryonの束縛エネルギーは0に近い(±数MeV)と予想されている J-PARC-E42 によりH-dibaryonを(K-,K+) 反応により高統計、高質量分解能で探索する。 特にKEK-PSで観測された LL 閾値付近の増大を検証したい 1.0 mb/sr の生成断面積を仮定すると、11000 LL と1400 H-dibaryonを測定可能である 2014年度の完成をめざし、HypTPC の開発を行っている
J-PARC E42 Collaboration
backup
ΛΛ Production in (K-,K+) Reaction Theoretical and Experimental Review on H-dibaryon Search Proposal for the H-dibaryon Search at J-PARC ΛΛ Production in (K-,K+) Reaction
Specifications ADC 12bits We need 160fCx10=1.6pC Shaping time 40MHz -> 500 cells=12.5usec
Structure AsAd(ASIC and ADC board) 20x CoBo(Coordination Board) 5x Directly attached to TPC AsAd(ASIC and ADC board) 256 ch / board 4 AGET’s Amp/shaper 512 depth SCAs 12bit ADC’s CoBo(Coordination Board) Digital data from ASADs Zero suppression Network transfer to PC’s MUTANT-BEM Trigger module 20x 5x In mTCA crate
Scheme from TPC pad to AsAd ZAP to be designed TPC Pad Plane (made by Mar 2013) connector converter ZAP 4 SAMTEC connectors 2 x 40 pins ERM8-040-01-L-D-RA-K-TR AsAd All AsAd boards must be placed within TPC bottom area. Very tight!
Trigger for E42 K- beam and positive produced particle trigger Top view of TPC K- beam and positive produced particle trigger (external 1st level) K+ trigger (external 2nd level) 8 - 20 ms delay p- p p- K- K+ p Tagged by Kaon spectrometer
AsAd Configuration (very preliminary) 520 215.39 28 AsAd boards at the bottom of TPC
TPC Prototype High-rate capable TPC Track position distortion (expected) < 1 mm up to 108 cps Gating grid wires Minimize positive-ion feedback GEM (50mm,50mm,100mm) Low positive-ion feedback (a few %) Readout pads Gas Ar-CH4 (90:10) 5cm/ms,310mm /√cm @ 150 V/cm Charged particle Field wires e 20cm Drift field Pad size 4mm x 10mm Gating grid wires(top) Readout Pad (bottom) GEM (middle)
GEM 設計 500 ヒット分布(GEANT) 500 150 Beam 250 250 4枚の GEM (250mmx250mm)を 組み合わせる 500 ヒット分布(GEANT) Target position 500 150 Beam 電極分割 20 分割 1 枚 6 分割 3 枚 ・1回の放電で流れる電荷量の抑制 ・電極1個が破損した場合にアクセプタンス欠損の影響を最小にする 250 250
パッド基板の設計
増幅/読み出し部 -13059.5 V Cathod 5500mm Drift region E=180V/cm Field strips Gating-grid Wires (50mmf) -3159.5 V Wire pitch = 1mm 4 mm E=180V/cm GEM1(50mm) -3087.5 V -2762.5 V 2 mm GEM2(50mm) -2112.5 V -1787.5 V 2 mm GEM3(100mm) -1137.5 V -650 V 2 mm Pad plane 0V Gain : ~104 at 325V for 50mm GEM
Laser test at FM magnet in J-PARC (Apr 2013) Check diffusion size and position resolution under magnetic field Inject UV laser and reconstruct tracks TPC
Invariant Mass Resolutions J.K. Ahn PAC meeting, Jul. 2012
Momentum Resolutions J.K. Ahn PAC meeting, Jul. 2012
Lineshapes with respect to the H-decay width ГH 1.0 μb/sr ГH =0 MeV 1 MeV 3 MeV 5 MeV Y. Nara et al, NPA 614 (1997) 433 A. Ohnishi et al, NPA670 (2000) 297c; Few-body Syst. Suppl. 12 (2000) 367; NPA684(2001),595;NPA691(2001) 242c. J.K. Ahn PAC meeting, Jul. 2012
H as Bound, Virtual State, or Resonance? Bound state : H→Λpπ weak decay ΛΛ enhancement near the threshold may be a signature of a bound state just below threshold (like NN-isosinglet (deuteron)) Virtual state : Anomalously large scattering length (like NN-isotriplet (deuteron)) leading to ΛΛ enhancement near the threshold Resonance : Breit-Wigner peak in ΛΛ
Almost free from background H Λ p π H(2200) Almost free from background J.K. Ahn PAC meeting, Jul. 2012
Sensitivity Current UL at Λpπ threshold J.K. Ahn PAC meeting, Jul. 2012
Acceptance
H as Bound, Virtual State, or Resonance? Bound state : H→Λpπ weak decay ΛΛ enhancement near the threshold may be a signature of a bound state just below threshold (like NN-isosinglet (deuteron)) Virtual state : Anomalously large scattering length (like NN-isotriplet (deuteron)) leading to ΛΛ enhancement near the threshold Resonance : Breit-Wigner peak in ΛΛ
3-2. TPC Modifications E42 TPC P45 TPC Field strips Field cage Gas vessel Cathode GEM pad 560 670 300 50f 370 640f 143 Gating grid Beam level 520f 10 Target holder Field strips Field cage Gas vessel Cathode GEM pad 560 670 300 80f 370 640f 143 Gating grid Beam level 520f 10 Target holder Modifications for target diameter 50(E42)→80mmf (P45) To be replaced for P45 Target holder Share with E42 Gas vessel Field cage Gating Grid GEM Pad plane Electronics Electric Potential Calculations
TPC prototype in Pusan Univ. Real drift length (55cm) Smaller pad area (10cmx10cm) Complete in early Feb. 2013 Lab test in Feb 2013 B-field test at J-PARC in Feb-Mar 2013
Electric potential calculations 2-d calculation Gas vessel Field cage -13kV at maximum Target holder Double layer field strips dE/E < 0.1% in the almost whole active volume Prototype test for E42 at Pusan Univ. In Jan-Feb. 2013 2.5 mm pitch 2 mm width
AGET
Field calculations with the target vacuum cylinder Very Preliminary Sensitive area
SC Helmholtz magnet Maxwell 3D calculation by Sung-Hyun Kim Bump Coil + Long bobbin : L-shaped SC coil Coil
y(cm) Bx Bz By Deviation (%) -30 -4.73E-03 -2.30E-03 -1.29E+00 3.3 -20 -3.09E-03 -3.92E-04 -1.35E+00 1.2 -10 -2.81E-03 1.05E-03 -1.80E-03 1.72E-03 -1.33E+00 0.1 +10 -3.19E-04 2.82E-03 +20 1.62E-04 6.02E-03 -1.32E+00 1.0 +30 2.54E-03 9.86E-03 -1.25E+00 5.9
FMサイクロトロン磁石 90cm
Setup details FM magnet φ1760 pole 950 475 850 150 900 800 Dark box (detector) FM magnet pole 655 φ1760 150 (laser) 800 950 850 475 Laser power supply
Dark box 850 950 Detector part 700 Laser part TPC 600 600 410 dumper Mirrors 410 Ceremic Collimator 500 Laser Collimator dumper 260 98
Dark box 950 850 200 800 GEM Tracker dumper 600 TPC 800 500 395 288 Door (with interlock) Door (with interlock)
TPC Prototype Quartz windows Laser beam (on 2mm- or 3mm-wide pads)
Laser optics Height-variable mirror stand YAG Laser Ceramic Collimator Dichroic mirror Collimator 98mm Laser base(h=63) BSP-40100 CAA-25LS Base Plate RO-20-30 RO-12-30 Mirror 800mm Alignment laser 300mm YAG Laser BSP-40100 Dicroic Mirror
Target Choice (diamond) Theoretical and Experimental Review on H-dibaryon Search Proposal for the H-dibaryon Search at J-PARC Target Choice (diamond) Number of target nuclei x Cross Section (ρ/W) Aα : ρ=density, W=atomic weight A=atomic number α=0.56 (for two-step processes) α=0.38 (for one-step processes) where α taken from KEK-PS E176 data (T. Iijima et al, Nucl. Phys. A 546 (1992), 588) Relative factor for Cu/C : 1.44/1.18 for α=0.56 : 0.68/0.75 for α=0.38
Detection Efficiencies for ΛΛ Theoretical and Experimental Review on H-dibaryon Search Proposal for the H-dibaryon Search at J-PARC Detection Efficiencies for ΛΛ J-PARC P42 Collaboration ahnjk@pusan.ac.kr
Cross Sections for (K-,K+) Reactions 99 μb/sr 190 μb/sr Theoretical and Experimental Review on H-dibaryon Search Proposal for the H-dibaryon Search at J-PARC Cross Sections for (K-,K+) Reactions 99 μb/sr KEK-PS E176 data on K+ momentum spectra with various nuclear targets. T. Iijima et al, Nucl. Phys. A 546 (1992), 588 INC model calculation Y. Nara, A. Ohnishi, T. Harada, A. Engel, Nucl. Phys. A 614 (1997), 433 190 μb/sr J-PARC P42 Collaboration ahnjk@pusan.ac.kr
Theoretical and Experimental Review on H-dibaryon Search Proposal for the H-dibaryon Search at J-PARC Yield Estimation 11000 ΛΛ events for 100 shifts and 1440 H(2250) events for 1.0 μb/sr with a 15-mm thick diamond target. from E224 data (PLB444 (1998) J-PARC P42 Collaboration ahnjk@pusan.ac.kr